Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Phenol Formaldehyde Treated Oil Palm Wood through Improvement of Resin Curing State

Mohamad Amarullah, Edi S. Bakar, Zaidon Ashaari, Mohd. H. Sahri, Fauzi Febrianto

Abstract


Oil palm wood (OPW) has several imperfections, and impregnation with low molecular- weight phenol formaldehyde resin through a modified compreg method can practically enhance these properties. The treated OPW, however,  releases  a considerable  amount  of free formaldehyde and thus is unhealthy for the human being. To make it applicable  for indoor material, formaldehyde emission (FE) should  be lowered  to 0.1 ppm  or lower. The FE level of the treated OPW was reduced from 0.3 to 0.1 ppm or lower by improving the resin curing state through two approaches, i.e. modifying the hot pressing compression schedule during the process and adopting an extended drying after the process. It is acknowledged that the extended drying gave more effect on the FE reduction than that of modifying hot-pressing schedule. The combination pressing  schedule  of 12.5%®25%®50% and extended drying of 48 h emits the lowest, safe formaldehyde of 0.08-0.10 ppm, which is considered  safe  according  to  American  National  Standard Institute (ANSI) standard. The improving resin curing state through modifying the hot pressing schedule and adopting extended drying could be used as a practical  way to reduce the FE level of the treated OPW to a safe level suitable for various furniture and indoor applications.

Keywords


Extended drying; formaldehyde emission; modified compreg method; oil palm wood; phenol formaldehyde

Full Text:

PDF

References


Amarullah M, Bakar ES, Ashaari Z, Sahri MH. 2009. Formaldehyde emission of treated oil palm wood using low- molecular weight phenol formaldehyde resin. Proceeding of The 7th Pacific Regional Wood Anatomy Conference. Kuala Lumpur.

Bakar ES, Tahir PM, Sahri MH, Yap HS 2005a. Oil-Palm Wood Treated with PF Resin by the Compreg Method: Influence of solution concentration and impregnation period. Proceeding of International Symposium on Wood Science and Technology. Vol.1. Pacifico Yokohama, Japan: IAWPS. Hlm 86-87.

Bakar ES, Tahir PM, Sahri MH, 2005b. Properties Enhancement of Oil Palm Lumber through the Compreg Method. Proceeding of International Symposium on Wood Science and Technology Vol.2. Pacifico Yokohama, Japan: IAWPS. Pp 91-92.

Bakar ES, Febrianto F, Wahyudi I, Ashaari Z. 2006. Polygon Sawing: An Optimum Sawing Pattern for Oil Palm Stems. J. Biological Sci. 6(4): 744-749.

Bakar ES, Sahri MH, Ashaari Z, Febrianto F. 2007a. Oil Palm Trunks — a New Alternative Material for Solid Wood Products. Proceeding of All Division 5 Conference. Forest Product and Environment: A Productive Symbiosis. Taiwan: Chinese Forest Products Association. Pp 112.

Bakar ES, Febrianto F, Sahri MH, Tang WC. 2007b. Properties Enhancement of Oil-Palm Wood Through Modified Compreg Method: A Comprehensive Solution to Oil Palm Wood’s Properties Flaws. In Tahir PM, Abdullah LQ, Ibrahim WA, Asa’ari AZM, Wan Hasan WH, Harun J, editors. Proceeding of Utilization of Oil Palm Tree: Strategizing for Commercial Exploitation. Malaysia: Oil Palm Tree Utilization Committee.

Bakar ES, Sahri MH, H’ng PS. 2008. Anatomical Characteristics and Utilization of Oil Palm Wood. In Nobuchi T, Sahri MH, editors. Proceeding of The Formation of Wood in Tropical Forest Tress. A Challenge from the Perspective of Functional food Anatomy. Selangor: UPM Press, Selangor. Pp 161-180.

Lim SC, Koo KC. 1986. Characteristics of oil palm trunk and its potential utilization. Malaysian Forester 47(1): 3-22.

(MS) Malaysian Standard. 1787: PART 15: 2005. Determination of Formaldehyde Emission By Desiccator Method. Malaysia: Department of Standards Malaysia.

Nuess M, Price S. 2007. Indoor Air Pollutant. http//:www.healthgoods. com. [26-02-2008].

Roffael E. 1993. Formaldehyde Release from Particle Board and Other Wood Based Panels. Kuala Lumpur: FRIM Kepong.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.504

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.504.g412

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Indexed by:

     

 

ISSN: 1693-383              EISSN: 2656-0178